
Winter Health Risks: Understanding the Seasonal Surge and How to Stay Safe – News18
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From wearing the right clothing to boosting immunity through diet, winter wellness is about preparation and care
Wearing warm, protective clothing, including head and ear coverings, is vital for staying insulated against the cold
As temperatures drop, winter brings its own set of health challenges, particularly for vulnerable communities. Health experts are observing a notable increase in respiratory illnesses, allergies, and other seasonal conditions. Dr. Kallol Sengupta, Consultant Physician & Chest Specialist at Apollo Clinic, Thakurpukur, Kolkata, and Dr. Padmaja Keskar, Senior Consultant, Systems and Medical at SNEHA, share their insights on the causes behind this seasonal surge and the measures to mitigate its effects.
Seasonal Health Concerns
“In recent weeks, we have witnessed a surge in patients visiting for health issues related to transitioning weather and low air quality,” says Dr. Sengupta. “Some of the most common issues include shortness of breath, chest tightness, lethargy, and respiratory illnesses such as the common cold, flu, pneumonia, and chronic bronchitis. Younger patients are particularly experiencing dry cough, throat irritation, and nasal blockage, often leading to disrupted sleep.”
Dr. Keskar adds, “Vulnerable communities are disproportionately affected by respiratory diseases, allergies, and viral infections during the winter. Conditions such as tuberculosis and pneumonia see a rise due to increased indoor activity, reduced ventilation, and exposure to allergens like dust mites and mould.”
Factors Behind the Rise
Several environmental and behavioural factors contribute to these health challenges:
- Indoor Gatherings: As people spend more time indoors to escape the cold, viruses spread more easily in close quarters.
- Cold, Dry Air: This irritates airways and weakens immune defenses.
- Immune Response Suppression: Dr. Sengupta highlights research from the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology showing that colder temperatures can inhibit the immune system’s protective response in the nasal passages.
- Asthma Aggravation: Winter weather often worsens asthma symptoms due to airway irritation and increased mucus production.
Dr. Keskar also emphasizes the role of poor ventilation during winter. “Sealed windows and lack of fresh air can lead to the accumulation of airborne viruses, allergens, and moisture, worsening conditions like asthma and triggering allergic reactions.”
Prevention Strategies
Both experts stress the importance of preventive measures to safeguard health during the winter months.
1. Respiratory Health:
- Masks: Dr. Sengupta recommends wearing masks outdoors and in crowded spaces to minimize exposure to pollutants and airborne viruses.
- Vaccinations: COPD and asthma patients should receive influenza and pneumonia vaccinations.
- Medication Compliance: Strict adherence to prescribed inhalers and medications is essential for managing chronic conditions.
2. Appropriate Clothing:
“Wearing warm, protective clothing, including head and ear coverings, is vital for staying insulated against the cold,” says Dr. Keskar.
3. Nutrition:
“Immune-boosting foods rich in vitamins C and D, such as citrus fruits and leafy greens, can strengthen the body’s defenses,” she notes.
4. Skin Care:
Dry air can cause skin to crack, creating openings for bacterial infections. “Moisturize immediately after a shower to lock in hydration,” advises Dr. Keskar. “For feet, a warm water soak followed by moisturization can prevent dryness and discomfort.”
5. Routine Adjustments:
- Avoid morning walks when the air quality is poorer; opt for evening walks instead.
- Stay indoors during extreme cold or pollution surges.
Mitigating Long-Term Risks
Adopting these preventive measures can significantly reduce the impact of winter health risks. “By staying vigilant and taking proactive steps, individuals can protect themselves from the adverse effects of cold weather,” concludes Dr. Sengupta.
From wearing the right clothing to boosting immunity through diet, winter wellness is about preparation and care. Stay warm, stay safe, and enjoy the season in good health.